translational-medicine-and-oncologists-meet-2016_posters

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Volume 6, Issue 4(Suppl) Transl Med 2016
ISSN: 2161-1025, an open access journal
Page 71
Notes:
conferenceseries.com
Translation Medicine & World Oncologists 2016
November 28-30, 2016
Translational Medicine and Oncologists Meet
November 28-30, 2016 San Francisco, USA
14th Annual Conference on
Exposure to high levels of Nitric Oxide (NO) showed transmembrane Glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB)
over expression in Head & Neck (H&N) Squamous Cell Carcinomas (SCC)
Khatja Batool1, Juel Chowdhury1, Mahsa Vahdatian1, Madhusudan Patel and James A Radosevich1,2
1University of Illinois, USA
2Jesse Brown VAMC, USA
Hypothesis: Increasing levels of NO can result in the increased expression of genes that contribute to the progression of metastasis
of SCC cell lines.
Objective: Cancer metastasis involves an intricate series of events influenced by myriad of regulatory and proliferative factors. Recent
research has shown that exposure to high levels of NO induces stem cell like properties in cancer cells resulting in a more aggressive
phenotype and worse prognosis. This is mediated through the increase in metastatic potential observed in cancerous cells after
exposure to high levels of NO when compared to their parent cell lines. In this study, it was found that cancer cells with high levels of
NO exposure tend to over-express the GPNMB gene. This type I transmembrane glycoprotein is up-regulated in various cancers and
believed to play a role in metastasis through regulation of cell migration and adhesion using its tripeptide (Arg-Gly-Asp) RGD motif,
which is capable of integrin binding. When it comes to the regulation of cell migration, this activity is important in cell adhesion, and
other vital processes of metastasis.
Methods: In this study, five H&N cell SCC cell lines were used: SCC016 (tongue), SCC040 (tongue), SCC056 (tongue), SCC114
(floor of mouth), and SCC116 (alveolar ridge). The cell lines were subjected to increased levels of NO by DETA-NONOate until a
maximum concentration of 600 mM was reached. In these cell lines, RNAs was isolated from and their respective parent cell lines.
Using DNA microarrays, the gene level expression of these NO exposed cell lines were then compared to their individual parent cell
lines. This data was further compared to a UniProt-GOA association file (Human) by a program, in order to find genes belonging to
certain Gene Ontology (GO) terms. The GO term used was GO:0005178, which contains genes related to the molecular function of
integrin binding.
Results: GPNMB was overexpressed in all the five SCC cell lines (SCC016, SCC040, SCC056, SCC114, SCC116). These cell lines
which were exposed to high levels of NO appeared to be the most consistently up-regulated. GPNMB contains an RGD motif in its
extracellular domain region, which is recognized by many members of the integrin family. Binding of this ligand motif to integrins
can lead to important cell adhesion interactions and other metastatic processes.
Conclusion: High levels of Nitric Oxide exposure correlate with an increased metastatic potential through over expression of genes
such GPNMB. However, the exact mechanism by which GPNMB contributes to the progression of metastasis is yet to be understood.
Additional studies examining GPNMB expression under varying concentrations of NO may aid better understanding of this gene’s
significance in the cancer process.
Biography
Khatja Batool graduated with her Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery degree from Gulf Medical University, UAE. She started her research at UIC-Chicago, IL
where she studied the effects of nitric oxide in cancer stem-cell lines. Additionally, she is a certified expert in Botulinum Toxin, Dermal Fillers and Facial reconstruction. Her
distinguished efforts led her to be a part of the Organizing Committee at the 43rd ISOBM Annual Conference in Chicago, IL which was attended by Nobel laureate Dr. Ferid
Murad and other well-known scientists. She has her works published in research journals such as Tumor Biology. Furthermore, she is on the Editorial Board for international
journals like Tumor Biology and JCMT, Board member at and a member of professional societies like ASCO and ISOBM. She has an active interest in
oncology research especially in the studies of nitric oxide and telomerase shortening in cancer stem cells.
Khatja Batool et al., Transl Med 2016, 6:4(Suppl)