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.com
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Suppl)
Virol-mycol
ISSN: 2161-0517 VMID, an open access journal
Virology Asia 2017
May 11-12, 2017
May 11-12, 2017 Singapore
10
th
World Congress on
Virology and Mycology
Evaluation of leaf extracts of four plant species against rice blast pathogen (
Magnaporthe oryzae
)
Adebola M O
1
, Ayeni O B
1
and Aremu M B
2
1
Federal University of Technology, Minna
2
National Cereal Research Institute, Badeggi, Nigeria
R
ice (
Oryza sativa
) is one of the most popular food crops in Nigeria. Its successful production has been drastically affected by blast
disease caused by
Magnaporthe oryzae
. In vitro control of the pathogen by four medicinal plants (
Carica papaya, Azadirachta
indica, Calotropis procera
and
Anacardium occidentale
) was assessed in this study. The extracts of the plants were prepared using
aqueous and methanol, and agar well diffusion method was used to assess the toxicity of each extract. The pathogen was isolated
from rice infected with blast disease. The results revealed the presence of one or more phytochemicals in each of the plant extracts.
Among these were alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponin, anthocyanin and phenol. All the extracts inhibited mycelia growth of
M.
oryzae.
The potency of all the extracts increased with increasing concentration in the order; 50 mg/ml < 100 mg/ml < 150 mg/ml. The
inhibitions by methanol extracts were higher and significantly different (P>0.05) from aqueous extracts. At the highest concentration
tested (150 mg/ml),
A. occidentale
and
C. procera
gave the highest inhibitions (99.0 mm and 98.6 mm respectively) which were not
significantly different (P<0.05) but different from
C. papaya
and
A. indica
(89.1 mm and 90.4 mm respectively). However, in all,
A.
occidentale
aqueous andmethanol extracts gave the highest percentage growth inhibition of the pathogen at all levels of concentrations
tested while
C. papaya
aqueous and methanol extracts though effective were the least. Therefore, field trials of these four medicinal
plants on the control of rice blast disease are recommended since they are easy to obtain and the extracts could easily be made via a
simple process of maceration or infusion, they could be cheaper substitute for conventional drugs in controlling rice blast disease.
adebolamo@gmail.comAdebola M O et al., Virol-mycol 2017, 6:2 (Suppl)
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2161-0517-C1-020