Cell Division

The process of cell division is to maintain the original cell's genome. The genomic information that is stored in chromosomes must be replicated, and the duplicated genome must be segregated to the respective daughter cells. It is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. In sexually reproducing organisms there are two distinct type of cell division: mitosis and meiosis. In Prokaryotes cells undergo mitosis, where their genetic material is segregated equally into two daughter cells. All the cells during division are preceded by a single round of DNA replication. Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. In eukaryotes, there are two types of cell division: a vegetative division, in which each daughter cell is genetically identical to the parent cell and is known as mitosis, and a reductive cell division, where the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells is reduced by one half of the parent cell, to produce haploid gametes and is known as meiosis. Prokaryotes also undergo a vegetative cell division known as binary fission, where their genetic material is distributed equally into two daughter cells. For unicellular organisms such as the amoeba, one cell division is equivalent to one growth cycle, that is an entire new organism is created. Cell division also enables sexually reproducing organisms to develop from a single cell, zygote, which itself was produced by cell division from gametes and after growth, cell division allows for continuous construction and repair of the organism.

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Last date updated on September, 2024