Immune Thrombocytopenia

Viral infections have been associated with various immune systeminduced hematological disorders such as immune thrombocytopenia. ITP is characterized by systemic hemorrhagic diathesis due to excessive thrombocyte destruction. ITP can be classified according to the clinical course as acute (newly diagnosed) type, which is often observed in infants, and chronic type, which is often observed in adults. Approximately 60% of all acute ITP cases have been estimated to be associated with a preceding infectious illness; in particular, cases of acute ITP in children have been reported to be often caused by viralinfection or vaccine administration. Furthermore, Evans syndrome is diagnosed by the simultaneous presence of ITP and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), which is detected using a direct antiglobulin test in the absence of an underlying etiology. This syndrome is characterized by hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and the production of antibodies and/or complements that attack red blood cells and platelets. Influenza virus infection has been reported to induce several hematological disorders such as leukocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia. Some reports have suggested that influenza virus infection results in bone marrow suppression. However, influenza virus infection has been rarely associated with immune hematological disorders such as ITP or AIHA, and administration of influenza vaccine with or without adjuvant rarely induces autoimmune disorders such as Guillain-Barre syndrome. Furthermore, influenza vaccine administration has been rarely estimated to induce immune hematological disorders such as ITP. Immune Thrombocytopenia Following Influenza Virus Infection and Influenza Vaccine Administration: Toru Shizuma

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Last date updated on September, 2024