For the drug to get excreted into urine or bile it has to undergo a series of transformation which is called biotransformation. This process alters the lipophilic drugs to a polar object i.e. hydrophilic and is readily absorbed by body. With the addition of functional group in the 1st phase which included oxidization, reduction, hydrolysis etc. Than by undergoing synthetic phase i.e. addition of endogenous compounds, which make them readily absorbed. While most of the drug metabolism is carried out in liver, some tissues, intestine also have enzymes to undergo the process.
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Last date updated on September, 2024