Peptides are used clinically in the treatment of many diseases. One major issue regarding the clinical use of many peptides is their short life span in the body, due to the rapid clearance of those proteins from the circulation. The low stability of peptides has thus often posed a difficulty to researchers and hindered their adoption in potential medical applications. At the clinical level, there is a need for a regime of frequent injections of the peptides into the patients to overcome this low stability factor. The major strategies for overcoming this problem are based on chemical techniques and using specific peptidase inhibitors or cocktails. To overcome this problem, we used genetic engineering techniques that have been found successful for designing long acting hormones for the treatment of fertility and thyroid diseases. Ligation of a peptide containing 4 O-linked oligosaccharide chains to the carboxyl-end of hFSH, hCGα subunit, hTSH or to erythropoietin resulted in increasing the biological activity and longevity in vivo. Moreover, ligation of the subunits into a single gene resulted in active and stable compounds. Designing long acting peptides will diminish the cost of these drugs and perhaps reduce the number of injections for the patients who need them. On the other hand, hTSH variants that lack N-linked oligosaccharide chains are less potent than hTSH wild-type on cAMP accumulation and T3 secretion from human cultured thyroid follicles. Moreover, both deglycosylated variants compete with normal hTSH and human Thyroid Stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI) in a dose dependent manner. Thus, these variants, behave as potential antagonists, which may offer a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of Grave’s disease, the most common form of hyperthyroidism.

For more details: https://www.omicsonline.org/ArchiveBLM/novel-treatment-strategies-for-neurological-and-neurodegenerative-diseases-s1.php

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