The Enhanced Metabolic Testing Activity Chamber (EMTAC) was the first methodology available to determine energy expenditure and nutrient utilization in monkeys in a comfortable environment without the need for restraint and/or excessive handling [1]. Previous indirect calorimeter systems utilized in monkeys involved some kind of restraining mechanism. For example, one indirect calorimetry system utilized a chair to restrain animals during metabolic measurements [2]. In another study, energy expenditure of Rhesus Monkeys subjected to long term dietary restriction were determined by open-circuit indirect calorimetry utilizing small respiratory chambers [3]. These chambers did not allow monkeys enough room to turn around thus potentially inducing additional stress [3].

Citation: Rising R, Lin J (2013) Low Respiratory Quotients in chow-fed Male Bonnet Macaque Monkeys as a Potential Indicator of Metabolic Stress due to Single Cage Housing. J Primatol 2:113.

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