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Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine neoplasm, corresponding to 95.0% of them, and they make up 2.0% of all malignant tumors. Thyroid carcinoma exhibits a high index of dissemination to the cervical lymph nodes . Neck ultrasound identifies lymph node metastases in 20-30% of cases, especially in the areas closest to the thyroid gland, where their frequency is higher. However, those percentages correspond to fewer than half of the patients with lymph node metastasis . Although the presence of neck metastases increases the rate of local recurrence, the risks of elective lymph node dissection should be assessed relative to its potential benefits, such as reduction of the number of reoperations. Thus, the indication for elective lymph node dissection is controversial for individuals with noclinically manifest metastases in the neck (N0) . Although reduced patient survival has been reported in cases with patent neck metastasis, objections have been raised as to the methods applied by those studies . The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical and anatomo pathological variables associated with greater risk of cervical lymph node dissemination, as well as the characteristics and pattern of dissemination of metastases in individuals with PTC.
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