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Changes in the biochemical balance of the ocean were a crucial factor in the end-Triassic mass extinction, during which half of all plant, animal and marine life on Earth perished. Photic zone euxinia occurs when the sun-lit surface waters of the ocean become devoid of oxygen and are poisoned by hydrogen sulphide a by-product of microorganisms that live without oxygen that is extremely toxic to most other life forms. Molecules derived from photosynthesizing brown-pigmented green sulfur bacteria microorganisms that only exist under severely anoxic conditions proving severe oxygen depletion and hydrogen sulphide poisoning of the upper ocean at the end of Triassic, 201 million years ago. As tectonic plates shifted to break up Pangaea, huge volcanic rifts would have spewed carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, leading to rising temperatures from the greenhouse effect. The rapid rises in CO2 would have triggered changes in ocean circulation, acidification and de oxygenation. These changes have the potential to disrupt nutrient cycles and alter food chains essential for the survival of marine ecosystems.