Female reproductive maturation is a complex physiological process. Age at menarche is significant as it marks the beginning of female fertility and is influenced by various environmental and genetic factors . First menstrual bleeding is referred to as menarche. It is responsible to mark the development of reproductive cycles in women. Different kinds of hormonal changes occur in the body of young girls at the time of their puberty. From the early period of the prenatal life, endocrine regulation of sexual maturation takes place. These early developments in the puberty cycle can disturb a child; socially and emotionally. Early age of menarche is evident through physical and genetic changes, such as, increase risk of breast cancer and other gynecological cancers , risk of type 2 diabetes , obesity , cardiovascular disease , and psychological disturbance . Early onset of menses is also common in girls who start smoking at initial stage of their life. In addition, there are numerous other factors, such as, parental influence, family conditions, and environmental conditions that contribute to the early onset of menarche. Chemicals also play an integral role in causing early onset of menarche in young girls. Some specific chemicals disturb the endocrine systems of young girls, as a result, hormonal changes are observed. Working with heavy metals and chemical inhalation can also lead to the disruption of these hormones. Lead is one of the heavy metals, present in almost majority of the products such as paints, industrial waste, pipes and petrol. In order to reduce the harmful effects of such heavy metals, their usage should be reduced.

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