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Maternal insulin resistance changes pancreas development, increases risk of metabolic disorders in offspring

Changes to a mother’s metabolism can lead to increased risk of insulin resistance, obesity and other problems in offspring. "Since insulin resistance alters the metabolic status in the affected individuals, its presence in women during pregnancy has the potential to be detrimental to growth and metabolism in the offspring. Thus, insulin resistance directly impacts pregnant women and also their offspring. A mouse model of insulin resistance was used to find out how it affects metabolism and endocrine pancreas development in the offspring. Insulin is a hormone created in the beta cells (β-cells) of the pancreas. It is released into the bloodstream following the ingestion of food to help the body's cells absorb sugars and starches (in the form of glucose) from digested food. With insulin resistance, the body becomes desensitized to insulin and doesn't use it effectively to absorb glucose. Glucose builds up in the blood and the body produces more insulin to cope, which leads to an excess of both glucose and insulin in the blood. Over time, insulin resistance can set the scene for other metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

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