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Psychotherapy in Treatment Resistant Depression

Neuroplasticity is the capacity of the brain to reorganize its structure and functions in response to intrinsic or extrinsic stimuli. Therapeutically, these changes may occur as a consequence of pharmacological interventions dubbed by psychotherapy or very elaborate noninvasive interventions such as neurofeedback training. Thus, neuroplasticity-based therapy conceptually moves beyond the simple focus of symptom alleviation and management.

The recognized deficit in neuroplastic capacity of several psychiatric disorders, among them  Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) can be alleviated by pharmacological intervention. The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, and is critically involved in regulating the survival and differentiation of neuronal population during development. In MDD, inadequate BDNF secretion in brain region such as hippocampus was for example associated with the dysfunctional neural circuitries of emotion-perception. With a symptomatology that is dependent on the route of administration, BDNF levels in MDD patients were shown to have a strong association with depression scores. Hence, the association between MDD symptom alleviation and neuroplasticity can be sufficiently supported by recent work

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