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Atherosclerosis is the major underlying cause of various Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), myocardial infarction etc. Inflammation has been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in the genesis of atherosclerosis though its pathogenesis is extremely complicated. Besides implication of inflammation and immune reactions in this process, a wide range of circulating markers of inflammation has also been demonstrated to predict cardiovascular event in a variety of clinical settings. Interleukin-18, a member of the IL-1 superfamily, has several biological activities that initiate and promote host defence and inflammation. There have been several reports relating the up regulation of IL-18 in human inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, type I diabetes, atherosclerosis, chronic heart failure, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated an association of elevated IL-18 levels with increased CVD risk.
Source: Interleukin-18 and Atherosclerosis: Mediator or Biomarker