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The HPG axis drives reproduction: Hypothalamus secretes Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH), GnRH stimulates the gonadotroph cells of pituitary to secrete Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and in turn these two hormones regulate the gonadal function in both sexes. Steroid hormones as well as inhibins and activins, produced by gonads, influence the secretion of gonadotrophins. It is also well known that internal and external cues influence the HPG axis. For example, stress hormones, leptin and the opioid system modulate the secretion of GnRH and gonadotrophins.