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Complications following percutaneous liver biopsy

A liver biopsy is a procedure that involves taking a small piece of liver tissue for examination with a microscope for signs of damage or disease.A liver biopsy may be done when liver blood tests are abnormal. There are three types of liver biopsies. They are

  • Percutaneous Biopsy
  • Transjugular Biopsy
  • Laparoscopic Biopsy

Percutaneous Biopsy

It is the most common type of liver biopsy. In this type, the patient will lie on his/her back and positioning of right hand above the head on the table. Then, the doctor will apply a numbing medication to the area where the needle will be inserted. The doctor then makes a small incision near the bottom of the rib cage on the right side and inserts the biopsy needle.

Complications

The complications are analyzed in relation to the underlying liver disease and to the type of needle used. Death was infrequent (9/100 000); it was always due to haemoperitoneum and occurred only in patients with malignant diseases or cirrhosis. Complications were less frequent in AVH (44/100 000) than in other liver diseases (from 125 to 278/100 000). Death, serious haemorrhagic complications, pneumothorax and biliary peritonitis were more frequent after biopsy with the Trucut needle than after biopsy with Menghini's needle (3/1000 against 1/1000).

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