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specific genes influence the effect of dietary nutrition on resistance to infection.It’s been known for a long time that there is an interaction between genes and environment, so that a particular gene might have an important role in one environment, but in another environment, it might have a different role, or no role. the researchers used 200 inbred lines of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), each of which has had their genomes sequenced. Within each line, the siblings are all clones, making them genetically identical. For each line, some flies were reared on a low-glucose diet while others were reared on a high-glucose diet for two generations. The flies were then infected with a natural bacterial pathogen of D. melanogaster. Previous work has shown that diet has a significant influence on a fly’s ability to respond to infection. Unckless and colleagues found that across all the lines, experimentally infected flies reared on high-glucose diets had higher amounts of pathogenic bacteria in their systems and higher probability of dying from the infection.