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Tetanus toxin is an extremely potent neurotoxin produced by Clostridium tetani. The LD50 of this toxin has been measured to be approximately 1 ng/kg, making it second only to Botulinum toxin as the deadliest toxin in the world. Due to its extreme potency, even a lethal dose of tetanospasmin may be insufficient to provoke an immune response. Naturally-acquired tetanus infections thus do not usually provide immunity to subsequent infections. Immunization instead utilizes the less deadly toxoid derived from the toxin, as in the tetanus vaccine and some combination vaccines.