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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the third most common genitourinary maliciousness and includes 80-85% of all primary renal neoplasms. While renal cell carcinoma is factually characterized by the classic triad of hematuria, flank mass, and flank pain, less than 40% of patients present with these symptoms. Instead, RCC is increasingly found parenthetically, and nearly 20% of patients diagnosed with RCC present with paraneoplastic syndromes. Paraneoplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by a remote effect of cancer through mechanisms other than metastases, metabolic and nutritional abnormalities, infections, or coagulopathies. The phenomenon is mediated by humoral factors excreted by tumor cells or by immune responses against the tumor. Paraneoplastic symptoms associated with RCC include elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hypertension, cachexia, anemia, pyrexia, abnormal liver function, hypercalcemia, polycythemia, varicocele, and neuro-myopathies. We present a case of a patient presenting with a neurologic paraneoplastic syndrome and biopsy-proven RCC who was successfully treated with percutaneous cryoablation.
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