Emil Kraepelin: This illness develops relatively early in life, and its course is likely deteriorating and chronic; deterioration reminded dementia ("Dementia praecox"), but was not followed by any organic changes of the brain, detectable at that time.

Eugen Bleuler: He renamed Kraepelin’s dementia praecox as schizophrenia (1911); he recognized the cognitive impairment in this illness, which he named as a "splitting" of mind.

Kurt Schneider: He emphasized the role of psychotic symptoms, as hallucinations, delusions and gave them the privilege of the "first rank symptoms” even in the concept of the diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Course of schizophrenia:

• continuous without temporary improvement
• episodic with progressive or stable deficit
• episodic with complete or incomplete remission

Typical stages of schizophrenia:

• prodromal phase
• active phase
• residual phase

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