Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an allergic disorder characterized by eosinophil-predominant esophageal inflammation, which can be ameliorated by food antigen restriction. Its pathogenesis is incompletely understood and likely involves both environmental and genetic factors, Several human studies support the association between altered gut microbiota and the development of atopic disorders early in life. However, the effects are not consistent and were temporary in several studies. Early colonization with certain bacterial species may influence the maturation of secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), which is associated with protection against development of food allergies.