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Therapeutic Vaccine for Hepatitis B Virus

Although prophylactic hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in children has dramatically reduced HBV incidence, but hepatitis B infection remains a global health problem. Chronic HBV carriers, among the large population infected by HBV, are facing the risk of progressing to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer due to the insufficiency and noticeable side effects of current antiviral treatments. The host immune response is integral to determining the outcome of HBV infection. HBV is non-cytopathic. However, repeated attempts by the host immune response to clear the virus can cause the observed liver damage. While HBV can induce immune tolerance to establish a state of chronic infection, potent and specific immunotherapy to break immune tolerance has the potential to facilitate immune mediated viral clearance and host recovery. Thus, HBV vaccine has been researched as a therapeutic approach. Although some levels of success have been achieved, more research is necessary to examine the effectiveness and safety of such vaccines. A new approach, dendritic cell-based vaccine, has shown promise for delivering HIV therapeutic vaccine, but remains to be thoroughly investigated…

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