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Probiotics have been extensively researched for their beneficial health promoting effects. Previously, the mainstream of research was limited to the gastrointestinal flora, but in the past few years it has been more focused towards the oral and dental health perspectives. Few randomized controlled trials have been conducted in this area, though the investigations on probiotics versus oral and dental health are still in their cradle.
An essential property of a microorganism to be ‘an oral probiotic’ is its ability to adhere and to and colonize surfaces in the mouth. Probiotic microorganisms may not have oral cavity as their inherent habitat, hence their role to confer benefit on oral health remains questionable.
One of the proposed mechanisms of probiotics is that these strains act by inhibiting the pathogenic microorganisms by competing for the limited substrates required for fermentation or the receptors.
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