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Meta Description: Over the past three decades, the number of children with obesity has more than doubled, and children obese rate at age of 6-11 years has increased from 7% in 1980 to 18% in 2010 in the United States, accounting for one third of all children. The World Health Organization estimates that nearly 43 million children under the age of five are obese worldwide.
The obesity epidemic, over nutrition and increasing sedentary lifestyles among young people are the major contributors to the increase in type 2 diabetes among children and adolescences. Currently, 215,000 individuals under the age of 20 in the United States have diabetes. Data from the International Diabetes Federation show that diabetes affects at least 382 million individuals worldwide. Hyperglycemia is the hallmark metabolic abnormality of diabetes and is the major health concerns in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Elevated glucose levels lead to the severe adverse effect of non-enzymatic glycosylation of many cellular proteins that causes them to function improperly or lose function completely. These molecular effects are often seen in diabetes patients evident by microvascular tissue damage to the kidney, retina and nerves, which lead to the commonly observed outcomes of end-stage renal failure, cardiovascular disease, loss of visual acuity, and loss of extremities through amputation.
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