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Early ambulation and management of wound pain lead to decrease of the postoperative complications for especially elderly patients in thoracic surgery. ÃÂe types of pain frequently observed DÃâer thoracic surgery are wound pain, pulmonary apex pain due to the drain, pain caused by intercostal nerve compression, intercostal neuralgia, visceral pain due to manipulation of the pleura/bronchi, and shoulder pain associated with the patient’ s position for surgery