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Clogging of emitters is a major concern in drip irrigation systems because of high levels of suspended solids, organic matter, and nutrients (N and P especially) in treated wastewater effluents. Previous studies have sought to determine the causes and prevention of emitter clogging. Causes of clogging can be divided into three main categories: (1) physical, caused by suspended solids; (2) chemical, caused by precipitation reactions; and (3) biological, caused by growth and metabolism of microorganisms; i.e., biofilm formation.