El-Nino Southern-Oscillation

The influence of environmental factors on the interannual variability of tropical cyclone activity in the Eastern North Pacific basin is examined. Recent research has enhanced the understanding of the correlation between teleconnection patterns such as El Nino-Southern Oscillation, and sea surface temperature on the intensity, track, frequency and development of tropical cyclones in this basin despite the presence of a large gap in knowledge compared to that of Atlantic tropical cyclones. In light of the absence of significant trends in earlier studies, statistically significant trends have been observed in the past 15 years as a result of the division of the Eastern North Pacific basin into sub-divided development regions; however the mechanisms behind such trends remain somewhat incomplete due to a lack of observations in this basin. The influence of El Nino-Southern Oscillation and sea surface temperature on tropical cyclone intensity, duration and frequency were dependent on the region and measures of tropical cyclone activity as statistical significant results were mainly evident in the western development area. Recent literature has argued that although El Nino-Southern Oscillation and sea surface temperature were found to influence Eastern North Pacific tropical cyclone activity, other factors such as upper ocean heat content, oceanic eddies and vertical wind shear may play a more dominant role. Nonetheless, future work is needed to examine these relationships with Eastern North Pacific tropical cyclone activity in order to strengthen our understanding on their phenomena which can help improve the management of catastrophes and aid in public awareness. Read more....

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