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Chronic pain has been defined as continuous or recurrent pain of sufficient duration and intensity to adversely affect a patient’s level of function or quality of life. There are a number of possible approaches to the pharmacological management of chronic pain, one approach involving the targeted inhibition of the N-methyl- D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. When activated by repeated or sustained noxious stimuli, NMDA receptors facilitate neuronal influx of calcium, leading to a state of hyper excitation, which then leads to increased response to subsequent stimuli; a phenomenon known as ‘NMDA wind-up’. One feature of NMDA receptors is a magnesium binding site that, when occupied, blocks neuronal influx of calcium, and prevents potentiation of pain signalling.