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The thyroid gland is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body and lies approximately at the same level as the cricoid cartilage. Lingual thyroid is defined as the presence of thyroid tissue in the midline anywhere between the circumvallate papillae of tongue and the epiglottis. The condition arises from the embryonic failure of normal thyroid tissue to descend from the foramen cecum area of the tongue base through the lower neck, and presents as a lobular midline mass in the mucosal surface of the tongue base. Lingual thyroid is a rare anomaly with an incidence of 1 in 3000 of the thyroid cases seen and with overall prevalence of 1 in 100,000. Sites of local thyroid deposition include cervical lymph nodes, submandibular glands and trachea. Of all ectopic thyroids 90% are found to be lingual thyroids. Very rarely, two ectopic foci may be present simultaneously......Read more
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