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During Adolescence, growth and nutritional status are heavily influenced by the sexual maturation process, and thus cannot be accurately assessed without knowledge of the degree of sexual maturation. Nutrition influences growth and development throughout infancy, childhood and adolescence; however, during the period of adolescence that nutrient needs are the greatest. Researches carried out in some countries one of which showed that girls with malnutrition status would experience menarche delay compared to girls with good nutritional status.
Menarcheal age is the most widely used indicator of sexual maturation and can be used as an indicator of female health growth and development and the capacity to reproduce. Onset of maturation and age at menarche are influenced by several factors, e.g. genetics, ethnicity, height, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), and socioeconomic circumstances. Several studies from various developed countries worldwide have shown a systematic decrease in median age at menarche in the past 160 years. Read more..