A major public health problem in medical care is the occurrence of ADRs. Any substance that is capable of producing a therapeutic effect can also give rise to unwanted ADRs. Pharmaceutical agents have been identified as one of the most common causes of adverse events, resulting in significant patient morbidity, mortality and excess medical care expenditures. The variability of drug response from patient-to patient is a major problem in clinical practice and in drug development as it can result in therapeutic failure or adverse effects of drugs in individuals or subpopulations of patients. The incidence of severe or fatal ADRs has been extensively examined in hospital inpatients. A meta-analysis of 39 prospective studies from hospitals in the United States suggests that approximately 6.7% of hospitalized patients have serious ADRs and 0.32% of them have fatal reactions, and thus there are probably more than 2,216,000 serious ADRs in hospitalized patients, causing over 106,000 per year in the US. This figure appoints ADRs between the 4th and 6th leading causes of death in patients. ADRs were found to be the 7th most common cause of death in Sweden [2]. Chinas National Center for ADR Monitoring received 692,904 reports of adverse reaction cases in 2010. Also, it is estimated that over 350,000 ADRs occur in US nursing homes per year Pharmacogenomics-Guided Approaches to Avoiding Adverse Drug Reactions Chen XW, Liu W, Zhou SF.
Journal of Clinical toxicology is supporting the 3rd International Summit on Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology after the successful 3 consecutive toxicology conferences.
Last date updated on April, 2024