Glaucoma represents a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by structural damage to the optic nerve and the slow, progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Glaucoma is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, which form the optic nerve. As in many neurodegenerative disorders, glaucomatous loss of RGCs is preceded by deficits in axonal transport. Glial reactivity and neuroinflammation also play a key role in glaucoma pathophysiology, which is evident in the retina, optic nerve and brain. RGC neurodegeneration, microglia reactivity and IL-6 signaling in glaucoma occur in a spatially-dependent manner. sedentarism is a risk factor for most common age-related chronic diseases.
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Last date updated on July, 2025
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