Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health problem worldwide and the prevalence of TB is high among the developing world. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms are defined as organisms resistant to both isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF). INH resistance is based on complex genetic alterations, most commonly in the katG and inhA genes. RIF resistance is due to mutations within the 81 base pair (bp) hotspot region of the rpoB gene. The diagnosis of MDR-TB is based on the mycobacterial culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) on liquid or solid media and the results are too long (4-8 weeks at least). So, prompt but correct detection of MDR strains is essential for appropriate management. Since 2008, WHO recommended the use of molecular line probe assay for the diagnosis of MDR-TB.
Last date updated on April, 2024
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