Earth science may be a multidisciplinary educational field that integrates physical and biological sciences, (including however not restricted to ecology, physics, chemistry, zoology, mineralogy, oceanology, limnology, soil science, geology, region science, and geography) to the study of the atmosphere, and also the answer of environmental issues. Bionomics provides associate degree integrated, quantitative, and knowledge base approach to the study of environmental systems. Related areas of study embrace environmental studies and environmental engineering. However the study still suffers certain major drawbacks that are not compunded in the journals related to its precinct. Earth science may include vast studies, some may consider climate changes, other might hint only marine studies or sedimentology. On the other hand we are obstinate to consider every facet of the study be it climatology, ecology, physics, chemistry, zoology, mineralogy, oceanology, limnology, soil science, geology, region science, and geography etc. Earth science may be called as a substance study that not only considers the factors but also includes the consequences as to what we are standing upon and how have we reached here. The question now arises as to how much and how should, we act in order to maintain a balance that was once there a hundred years back. Effects like deforestation and the associated effects like soil erosion, climate variations etc. are nothing but ill effects of human mundane nature.
Open access to the scientific literature means the removal of barriers (including price barriers) from accessing scholarly work. There are two parallel roads towards open access: Open Access articles and self-archiving. Open Access articles are immediately, freely available on their Web site, a model mostly funded by charges paid by the author (usually through a research grant). The alternative for a researcher is self-archiving (i.e., to publish in a traditional journal, where only subscribers have immediate access, but to make the article available on their personal and/or institutional Web sites (including so-called repositories or archives)), which is a practice allowed by many scholarly journals. Open Access raises practical and policy questions for scholars, publishers, funders, and policymakers alike, including what the return on investment is when paying an article processing fee to publish in an Open Access articles, or whether investments into institutional repositories should be made and whether self-archiving should be made mandatory, as contemplated by some funders.
Last date updated on April, 2024