the incidence of human leptospirosis in the United States is relatively low, disease incidence in domestic animals has increased in recent years. Leptospiral infection can range in severity from an inapparent infection to death from pulmonary hemorrhage, renal disease or hepatic failure. Leptospiral infection can also cause uveitis and is considered the leading cause of blindness in horses. Infection is acquired primarily through contact of mucous membranes or broken skin with water, moist soil or vegetation contaminated with the urine of infected animalsThe disease occurs widely in developing countries, such as Thailand, Brazil and India, and is reemerging in developed countries.
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Last date updated on April, 2024