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We have been investigating serial changes in Type I Interferon (IFN) receptor alpha-2 (IFNAR-2) expression in peripheral blood leukocyte subsets in Chronic Hepatitis C (CHC) patients during IFN-based therapy. The aim of this study was to clarify whether changes in IFNAR-2 expression by peripheral blood leukocyte subsets are predictive factors for Sustained Virological Response (SVR). Methods: One hundred and thirty-six patients with CHC and receiving Pegylated (PEG)-IFN alpha-2a or -2b in combination with ribavirin (RBV) for a median 48 (16-96) weeks were studied. A negative result for serum HCV-RNA on RT-PCR at week 24 after the End Of Therapy (EOT) was defined as SVR. IFNAR-2 expression by peripheral blood leukocyte subsets was quantified using flow cytometry by measuring the mean fluorescence intensity before and up to 28 days after therapy initiation. Of the 136 patients, 124 consented to genetic investigation for interleukin (IL)-28B genetic variants at rs8099917. We then used logistic regression analysis to retrospectively investigate the influence of serum viral load, as measured before the start of therapy, and age, sex, body weight, body mass index, IFN regimen, IFN dose/kg, RBV dose/kg and history of prior IFN-based therapy on SVR...read more
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