Obesity Consequences

Obesity is a major public health problem throughout the world. It is defined as an excess accumulation of adipose tissue, which is considered as a heterogeneous and highly active endocrine and metabolic organ. Obesity predisposes individuals to an increased risk of developing many diseases, including atherosclerosis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), asthma and cancer; it is also associated with altered functioning of circulating immune cells. The Body Mass Index (BMI) is one of several indicators of body fat, which is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared and categorized as defined by the World Health Organization as “underweight” (BMI<18.5 kg/m2), “normal weight” (BMI 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2), “overweight” (BMI 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2), and “obesity” (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2). Using BMI, a large number of studies have highlighted a causal link between obesity and several human cancers, including hematological malignancies. One out of every five cancer cases is estimated to be caused by being obese, but the Prevalence of obesity is steadily increasing in most developed countries; in this way, the impact can be even greater in the future. The biological mechanisms linking obesity to cancer susceptibility are related to the hormonal and/or metabolic abnormalities prevalent in obesity (mainly hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, insulin-like growth factor 1, sex steroids and adipokines), but a set of novel candidate mechanisms has been proposed. Obesity and Multiple Myeloma: What Do the Data Tell Us?: Rafael Rios Tamayo, Juan Sáinz Perez, Jose Juan Jimenez-Moleon and Manuel Jurado Chacon

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Last date updated on April, 2024