Abstracts from Journal of Civil & Legal Sciences

Impact of Leverage on Risk of the Companies

In modern competitive business era, the ability to increase return of the firm is mostly depends on efficient use of leverage in the capital structure. Leverage can be defined as a long term debt financing that improves the permanent financial performance as well as the success of the organization. It also explained as the use b.. Read More

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UBERTRUST: How Uber Represents Itself to Its Customers Through its Legal and Non-Legal Documents

This paper examines some of the key factors that contribute to build or erode users’ trust in a platform-based service such as the one provided by Uber Technologies Inc. As clarified by the European Commission, the future Internet cannot succeed without trust of online platforms’ users. The paper explores Uber’.. Read More

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Corporate Religion

In Islamic Sharia, trade between Muslims and non-Muslims is permissible. However, Sharia distinguishes between them in some religious aspects and these have a direct effect on business transactions, namely in terms of money and control. This sheds light on the importance of identifying the religion of the dealing parties in any .. Read More

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Medico-Legal Age Estimation in a Sub-adult Portuguese Population: Validation of Atlas Schour and Massler and London

Introduction: Age estimation in children and adolescents often depends on morphological methods, such as examination of dental development. Objectives: The aim of this project was to validate, in a Portuguese population, two forensic methods of dental age estimation – Schour and Massler charts and the London atlas. Materia.. Read More

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Use of Informal Justice Mechanisms in Criminal Justice System: Critical Observation of Principles, Theories and Prospects

This article purports to facilitate a discussion on the relevance of informal justice mechanism as an apt component of modern criminal justice system. Based on the observation that the formal criminal justice system in south Asian countries suffers from myriad of problems including failure to uphold fairness and objectivity in i.. Read More

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Custom, Kinship and the Law: An Analysis of Thailands Rural Northeastern Provinces (1946-1976)

The Siamese and Thai history of village level kinship ties and communalism in both Siamese and Lao culture contributed to the variegated evolution of Siamese and Thai traditions and customs. Legal frameworks for the Kingdom only began to take serious root in modernity when Western forms of administration and society began after .. Read More

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China and Thailand: A Pacific Affair, or is China Leading ASEAN down the Garden Path with Rose-tinted Spectacles?

China has the motive and capability to control the Southeast Asian region by controlling the routes in and around the Spratly Islands, the Paracels and other smaller rocks. By using a military strategy of granulated encroachment, China is slowly building up military and naval capabilities in Southeast Asia in order to control th.. Read More

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Assessment of Responsiveness and Transparency: The case of Mekelle Municipality

 This study has tried to deal with the issue of good governance by taking in to account the decentralization issue and it’s functioning in delivering effective and efficient services. To deal with this study the researcher was incorporated two key indicators of good governance that are transparency and responsiveness .. Read More

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The Resilient Internet

Many commentators laud European privacy law as a vital protection in the Internet age. They hail the “right to be forgotten” as necessary to individual privacy. Conversely, commentators on the other side champion free expression and highlight the censorship threat implicit within the right to be forgotten. But few ha.. Read More

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Contraband, Trafficking and Terrorism in Thailand

In Thailand, human trafficking, terrorist financing and contraband goods share a distinct economic relationship. This relationship involves organized criminal elements and terrorist networks as well as ordinary people who are unaware of their involvement with terrorists and criminals. Human trafficking in Southeast Asia moves th.. Read More

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Contested Communities in Southeast Asia: The Law and the Singapore Eurasians

This paper describes about what makes the Singapore Eurasians a contested community and why has it been neglected by scholars? There are many ways to define the concept and application of the ‘Eurasian’ concept. The written Constitution and the EAS publications online and in hardcopy are considered the most official .. Read More

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Financial Literacy and Its Impact on Czech Population

In recent years, developed and emerging countries and economies have become increasingly concerned about the level of financial literacy of their citizens. This paper was focused on the level of financial literacy among the young and working Czech population between 18 and 33 years of age. This group of people was specifically c.. Read More

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Insights on Divine (Islamic) Law: Islamophobia versus Terrorism, Death Penalty and Transitional Justice, Quo Vadis?

One of the main essentials that humanists should do fine to lengthen a supporting and inspiring hand to those millions of Muslims who discard bin Laden’s mentality on brand of angry, revengeful political policy and welcome them affectionately and gently into the modern world. It is just important do even better if we work .. Read More

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The Role of Compliance Programs in Italian Counter-Corruption Policies

This paper offers a general overview on the Italian legislation regulating compliance programs. Even though the main relevant piece of legislation was adopted early, in 2001, after fifteen years its importance is becoming –– more and more patent. Although normative rules about compliance programs represent just a par.. Read More

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Tackling Technical Debt: Managing Advances in DNA Technology that Outpace the Evolution of Law

From its initial development in the 1980s as an identification tool, the use of DNA in criminal cases—both to convict defendants and exonerate the wrongly convicted—has been prolific. By the 1990s, Congress had focused on forensic DNA research and development. As DNA continues to expand its footprint as the ostensibl.. Read More

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The Emergence of a New Area of Legal Practice: Corporate Social Responsibility

An evolving challenge that faces lawyers is the need to more securely integrate the litigation and policy dimensions of CSR lawyering-for lawyers to merge their reactive and proactive inclinations. ‘‘Most lawyers no doubt welcome the trend [towards extension of formal legal liabilities with new forms of ‘moral .. Read More

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Lessons from Shakespeares Tiger Mothers: Parental Authority in Coriolanus and Merchant of Venice

Shakespeare, as always, is a goldmine. In many of his portrayals of the parent-child relationship Shakespeare explores the extent of the parent’s legitimate authority over the child as well as the legitimacy of parents’ attempts to control and mould their children in the service of family ambition.What Shakespeare.. Read More

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The International Criminal Court: Its Success and Limitations for Pursuing International Justice

The ICC (International Criminal Court) is the last great international institution of the twentieth century. In July 17, 1998, 120 states voted to adopt the Rome statute of the ICC at headquarters of the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) in Rome. The elaborate and complex negotiated instrument, a fram.. Read More

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Outsourcing as Prevalent Practice-Government and Commercial Environments (U.S. and Worldwide)

Outsourcing is becoming a more established practice in increasing numbers.It allows the “buyer” access to needed services, supplies without major commitment and investment such as ownership would entail.Sellers are ready and willing to “answer the call”.It has become a regularized function of both governm.. Read More

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Framing Human Rights and the Production of Translation Legal Consciousness

This paper presents a case study on a complaint document filed by the British NGO “Survival International” against the multinational mining conglomerate Vedanta Resources for alleged human rights violations. By examining the internal and external dynamics of the text of the complaint document, this paper seeks to del.. Read More

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