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There is a worldwide trend to intensify the use of desalination to reduce current or future water shortage. Over a billion people worldwide lack access to sufficient water of good quality. Most of these people live in Asia and Africa. The growing population and steady increase in the living standards lead to increasing the specific water consumption per capita. A considerable increase in the world population (over the next decade) will be concentrated mainly in most of the developing countries and particularly in Africa, causing severe water shortages. As a result, 40% of the world population is facing serious water shortage, mostly in remote rural areas and expanding urban areas. According to a market research, a predicted average 3% increase in annual demand for fresh water would require an annual investment of about $500 billion in water supply.