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Hematological Malignancies

Hematological malignancies are a collective term for a group of blood cancers originating from bone marrow or lymph. Even though there are some improvements in understanding the biology of hematologic malignancies and the development of new therapies are occurring at a rapid pace, a lot of work is still needed. Standard chemotherapy did not do much to change the dismal survival statistics and therapies that target single molecules have not resulted in expected outcome (except in few cases like chronic myelognous leukemia CML) with majority of patients dying from recurring disease. Nevertheless, in the past few years the field has witnessed a number of key advancements in our understanding of these deadly malignancies that has led to the development of a newer combination and targeted therapies [1]. For example the identification of molecular pathophysiology of the BCRABL and studies of the mechanisms of resistance in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) –positive chronic myeloid leukemia resulted in the rapid development of multiple selective BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors that has dramatically improved 10-year survival from approximately 20% to an estimated rate of 85% [2]. Nevertheless, development of resistance to treatment is a recurring phenomenon and we are still a long way from conquering the disease [3]. Major challenges include the incomplete understanding (

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