Abstract

Unfortunate weed administration in direct-cultivated rice (DSR) at the harvest foundation stage has prompted the need to investigate different pre-rise herbicides to diminish weed biomass and increment DSR yield in Cambodian swamp environments. During the early wet seasons, this study examined weed and yield responses to pre-emergence herbicides (pendimethalin, pretilachlor, butachlor, oxadiazon, and no application as the control) in farmers' rice fields. Pendimethalin was the most effective at controlling the population of mostly grassy weeds, and all pre-emergence herbicides reduced weed flora. When compared to the untreated control, pendimethalin significantly reduced the dry biomass of weeds by 36.2%. Weed dry biomass was fundamentally diminished by 46%with butachlor contrasted and the untreated plot. When compared to butachlor, pendimethalin caused a 44.8 percent decrease in SPAD (leaf greenness) and a 39.3 percent decrease in tiller numbers seven days after herbicide application (DAPH), but the plants recovered from pendimethalin toxicity at 14 DAPH. In comparison to the untreated control, the oxadiazon herbicide significantly increased grain yield by 61% (4.6 t ha 1), but oxadiazon produced grain yields that were comparable to pendimethalin's. In, there was no tremendous impact of pre-development herbicides on yield however butachlor created the most elevated rice yield followed by pendimethalin and oxadiazon. Rice growers can use butachlor to control weeds in dry soil and possibly pendimethalin to control weeds in good soil moisture conditions, as our study demonstrated that pre-emergent herbicides perform differently under varying soil-water conditions. This data is essential and protected in creating fitting methodologies to oversee weeds and upgrade DSR efficiency in swamp environments.