Abstract

Recent BCI research presents significant progress in restoring communication for individuals with paralysis, enabling thought-totext typing and speech synthesis. Advancements also include restoring sensory feedback in prostheses and enhancing memory function through neural interfaces. Therapeutic applications, like closed-loop neuromodulation for depression, are emerging, supported by deep learning and non-invasive technologies. Explorations into direct brain-to-brain communication highlight future possibilities, while neuroethical considerations underscore the importance of responsible development as BCIs transition from restoration to human augmentation and reshape human capabilities