ISSN: 2161-0681

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pathology
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  • Research Article   
  • J Clin Exp Pathol 2016, Vol 6(2): 266
  • DOI: 10.4172/2161-0681.1000266

Beyond Proteinuria: Apoptosis and Vitamin D3 State in Children with Diabetic Nephropathy

Ievgeniia Burlaka*
National O.O. Bogomolets Medical University, Department of Pediatrics No: 4, Tolstogo str. 10, Kyiv, Ukraine
*Corresponding Author : Ievgeniia Burlaka, Department of Pediatrics No: 4, National O.O., Bogomolets Medical University, Tolstogo Str. 10, Kyiv, 01004, Ukraine, Tel: +38-097-432-49-44, Email: evgbur1982@gmail.com

Received Date: Feb 04, 2016 / Accepted Date: Mar 15, 2016 / Published Date: Mar 18, 2016

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of death in patients with diabetes mellitus type I (T1D). Formation of diabetic nephropathy depends on the quality of blood glucose control. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of metabolic-hypoxic disorders, condition of apoptosis controlling system and Vitamin D3 levels in children with diabetic nephropathy. The study involved 36 children with type I diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (aged 6 to 17 years). The affinity of haemoglobin to oxygen determined by spectrophotometric method. The levels of the marker of cellular hypoxia HIF-1alfa, levels of the apoptotic factor caspase-3 studied by Western Blotting, Vitamin D3 levels were analyzed using ELISA assay. In the group of children with newly diagnosed T1D an increased rate of dissociation of oxygen and haemoglobin compared to the control group was detected. Children with DN the levels of this index were significantly lower than the control group. We show stage-dependent manner in increase of the cellular hypoxia and apoptotic effector caspase-3 levels. Both markers detected at significantly higher rate in DN patients as compared to T1D. Vitamin-D3 deficiency is documented in patients with DN. Thus, the development of DN in children is associated with violation of Hb/oxygen dissociation, a sign of the high degree of the Hb glycosylation resulting to the formation of cellular hypoxia and activation of apoptosis, as one of the basic mechanisms of cell damage kidneys in DN. All mentioned above disorders accompanied by Vitamin D3 deficiency.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic nephropathy; Metabolic; Cellular hypoxia; Apoptosis; Vitamin D3

Citation: Burlaka I (2016) Beyond Proteinuria: Apoptosis and Vitamin D3 State in Children with Diabetic Nephropathy. J Clin Exp Pathol 6:266. Doi: 10.4172/2161-0681.1000266

Copyright: © 2016 Burlaka I, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Review summary

  1. Maria R
    Posted on Jul 14 2016 at 11:46 pm
    High glucose levels in blood enhance the glycosylation of the hemoglobin which decreases the ability of hemoglobin to carry oxygen to tissues resulting in cellular hypoxia. The manuscript presents data collected from pediatric type-1 diabetic and diabetic nephropathy patients. The data summarizes that the diabetic nephropathy enhances the hypoxia induced factor (HIF-1α) levels, increases caspase-3 expression which might contribute to cellular death and renal failure. The work approach is original and the results are well represented.
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