Abstract

Recent immunological studies offer deep insights into immune cell function, disease pathogenesis, and therapeutic advancements. Research covers single-cell atlases of kidney immunity [1], the evolution of cancer immunotherapies including checkpoint blockade and cell engineering [2,4], and the molecular mechanisms of T-cell exhaustion [3]. Investigations also target inflammation in autoimmune diseases [5], elucidate B cell development [6], and detail cytokine signaling [7]. The impact of the gut microbiome on immunity [8] and the epigenetic regulation of immune cells [9] are explored. Together, these works enhance our understanding of immune memory [10] and inform strategies for treating various immune-related disorders.