Abstract

CRISPR-Cas9, a powerful genome-editing tool, has revolutionized molecular biology by enabling precise, efficient, and cost-effective gene editing. Its wide-ranging applications—from correcting genetic disorders to enhancing crop resilience—have opened new frontiers in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. This article provides an overview of the CRISPR-Cas9 system, explores its mechanism and major breakthroughs, discusses ethical concerns, and outlines the challenges ahead. By highlighting recent scientific advances and real-world applications, the article demonstrates how CRISPR is transforming our understanding and manipulation of genetic information.