Abstract

Green hydrogen, produced using renewable energy through the electrolysis of water, has emerged as a critical enabler in the global transition towards decarbonized energy systems. This article explores the scientific principles, technological challenges, and emerging innovations in green hydrogen production. It further examines its integration in energy sectors such as transportation, power generation, and industry. With increasing governmental and industrial support worldwide, green hydrogen offers a scalable and sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Despite hurdles like high production costs and infrastructure gaps, breakthroughs in electrolyzer efficiency, policy incentives, and international collaborations continue to strengthen its feasibility.