Abstract

Nanorobots are poised to transform biomedical applications, offering unparalleled precision in diagnostics and therapy. This body of research highlights diverse advancements, including biohybrid systems for targeted drug delivery and minimally invasive surgeries, and nanorobots with on-demand cargo release capabilities. Engineering solutions address challenges in locomotion and environmental responsiveness, with specialized types like magnetically actuated, DNA, and cellular nanorobots emerging. These innovations emphasize the shift towards personalized medicine, enabling highly accurate interventions, minimizing collateral damage, and paving the way for integrating these miniature devices into clinical practice.