Dersleri yüzünden oldukça stresli bir ruh haline sikiş hikayeleri bürünüp özel matematik dersinden önce rahatlayabilmek için amatör pornolar kendisini yatak odasına kapatan genç adam telefonundan porno resimleri açtığı porno filmini keyifle seyir ederek yatağını mobil porno okşar ruh dinlendirici olduğunu iddia ettikleri özel sex resim bir masaj salonunda çalışan genç masör hem sağlık hem de huzur sikiş için gelip masaj yaptıracak olan kadını gördüğünde porn nutku tutulur tüm gün boyu seksi lezbiyenleri sikiş dikizleyerek onları en savunmasız anlarında fotoğraflayan azılı erkek lavaboya geçerek fotoğraflara bakıp koca yarağını keyifle okşamaya başlar

GET THE APP

Rat Killer Poisoning vs Liver Damage: A View in South Indian Patients of Tertiary Care Center | OMICS International| Abstract
ISSN: 2161-069X

Journal of Gastrointestinal & Digestive System
Open Access

Like us on:

Our Group organises 3000+ Global Conferenceseries Events every year across USA, Europe & Asia with support from 1000 more scientific Societies and Publishes 700+ Open Access Journals which contains over 50000 eminent personalities, reputed scientists as editorial board members.

Open Access Journals gaining more Readers and Citations
700 Journals and 15,000,000 Readers Each Journal is getting 25,000+ Readers

This Readership is 10 times more when compared to other Subscription Journals (Source: Google Analytics)
  • Research Article   
  • J Gastrointest Dig Syst 2018, Vol 8(3): 569
  • DOI: 10.4172/2161-069X.1000569

Rat Killer Poisoning vs Liver Damage: A View in South Indian Patients of Tertiary Care Center

Radhika Venugopal, Krishnasamy Narayanasamy, Chezhian A, Senthil Kumar R and J. Janifer Jasmine*
Department of Hepatology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, , Chennai- 600 003, Tamil Nadu, South India, India
*Corresponding Author : J. Janifer Jasmine, Department of Hepatology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai-600003, Tamil Nadu, South India, India, Tel: 011-9104425305114, Email: jasminemercy777@gmail.com

Received Date: Jun 12, 2018 / Accepted Date: Jun 26, 2018 / Published Date: Jun 30, 2018

Abstract

Background: Rodenticide ingestion is common suicidal poisoning. In the absence of antidote, consumption is fatal. We aimed at socio-demographic characteristics, analyzed predictive factors, biological elevation curve and its outcome. Methods: 101 patients admitted with rodenticide poisoning. Socio-demographic characteristics, probable predictive factors, Serial charting biological markers recorded. Standard care management was given. Results: Of the 101 patients 76% were from rural and 24% urban. 62% were female and male 38%. Mean age was 26.0 ± 10.467 years. Unmarried men and married women were higher. Higher number was literate 46% and Illiterate 28%. Higher number was salaried 45% and students 30%. 34% consumed raw, 30% mixed with water. 57% ingested <10 grams, 24% up to 20 and 20%, >20 grams. Mean dosage of 13.42 ± 7.069 grams. Mean care seeking time 6.0 ± 6.3702 hours. 46% sought <3 hours, 41% in 10 and 13% >10 hours. Chief symptom was vomiting in 33% patients, abdominal pain 36%, headache 27% and oral bleeding 4%. Biological markers in survivor and non-survivor showed, T bill, Albumin, AST, ALT, Creatinine, PT, INR and MELD were statistically significant. T protein, platelet and urea were not significant. 9 patients had MELD <10, 30-(11-20), 35-(21-30) and >30 MELD was in 27. All of those had a MELD of >40 died. 41% had toxic hepatitis, 21% acute liver failure, 19% toxic hepatitis with acute kidney injury/ALF with acute kidney injury and 19% developed multiple organ failure. Overall mortality rate was 19%, 81% recovered with 8.88 days mean hospital stay. Conclusions: Patient ingested yellow phosphorus had liver damage. Lethal dosage and late presentation to medical facility led to liver failure, multiple organ failure and mortality in spite of standard care. Creating awareness, promoting mental health, suicide prevention and framing proper guidelines of treatment are best cornerstones to reduce mortality by rat killer poisoning.

Keywords: Rodenticide; Lethal dosage; Toxic hepatitis; Acute liver failure; Acute kidney injury; Multiple organ failure; International normalized ratio

Citation: Venugopal R, Narayanasamy K, Chezhian A, Senthil Kumar R, Jasmine JJ (2018) Rat Killer Poisoning vs. Liver Damage: A View in South Indian Patients of Tertiary Care Center. J Gastroint Dig Syst 8: 569. Doi: 10.4172/2161-069X.1000569

Copyright: © 2018 Venugopal R, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Top