Abstract

Biopolymer-based nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising vehicles for targeted drug delivery due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to encapsulate a wide range of therapeutic agents. Understanding the cellular trafficking of these nanoparticles is crucial for optimizing their design and enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. This article explores the mechanisms underlying the cellular uptake, intracellular transport and fate of biopolymer-based NPs, with a focus on their implications for targeted drug delivery. We discuss the role of endocytosis, intracellular trafficking pathways, and nanoparticle surface modifications in determining the efficiency and specificity of drug delivery. The findings highlight the potential of biopolymer-based NPs to revolutionize the field of nanomedicine by enabling precise and controlled delivery of therapeutic agents to target cells.