Abstract

Neuro-oncology has made significant strides in recent years, driven by advancements in diagnostic technologies, targeted therapies, and a deeper understanding of tumor biology. The integration of genomics, molecular imaging, and precision medicine is transforming the landscape of brain cancer management, enabling more accurate diagnosis, individualized treatment strategies, and improved patient outcomes. This article reviews the latest innovations in neurooncology, highlighting novel diagnostic tools such as liquid biopsy and advanced neuroimaging, as well as emerging therapeutic modalities including immunotherapy, targeted therapies, and gene-editing technologies. Despite substantial progress, challenges remain in overcoming tumor heterogeneity and achieving optimal therapeutic efficacy.