Abstract

The interdisciplinary approach used in palliative care, which was established to satisfy the needs of patients with a life-threatening illness and their families, has drawn more attention in recent years. Most clinical realities still reserve palliative care for patients who are nearing the end of their lives, leading to confusion between hospice care and palliative care even though the modern concept of palliative simultaneous care postulates the adoption of these high-quality treatments early in the course of the life-threatening disease (and possibly just after the diagnosis). Patients with acute or chronic kidney disease (CKD) typically have a poor quality of life and a lower chance of survival; as a result, palliative care may be beneficial. In order to discuss the diagnosis, prognosis, practical treatment objectives, and treatment decisions, palliative care involves close collaboration between several healthcare professionals, patients, and their families. To fully address the demands of patients with kidney disease, a variety of strategies, including peritoneal palliative dialysis, extracorporeal, and conservative therapy, can be used (e.g., physical, social, psychological, or spiritual needs). Pharmacologic medication or peritoneal dialysis may be more suitable than extracorporeal therapy, especially for fragile patients. Treatment with extracorporeal dialysis may be excessive in these individuals and be accompanied by a heavy load of symptoms connected to this invasive therapy. Individualized goal-setting and a more expansive definition of sufficiency should be taken into consideration as the cornerstones of extracorporeal palliative dialysis for patients receiving extracorporeal dialysis. Surprisingly, there is little research on the palliative and end-of-life care provided to individuals with acute kidney injury (AKI). The primary factors affecting medical decisions on palliative care for patients with renal illness are discussed in this study, along with the many methods that can meet the needs of patients with CKD and AKI.